Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, most commonly caused by viral infections (A, B, C, etc.), alcohol, medicines, or autoimmune disease.
Some forms of hepatitis are self‑limiting, while others can progress to chronic liver damage and cirrhosis if not detected and treated in time.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Fatigue and weakness
- Yellowing of eyes and skin
- Dark urine and pale stools
- Loss of appetite and nausea
- Abdominal discomfort on the right side
Causes & Diagnosis
Identifying the specific type and cause of hepatitis is essential to guide treatment, counselling, and family screening.
Cause
Primary Causes
Viral hepatitis (A–E), excess alcohol, medicines, metabolic or autoimmune liver disease
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Methods
Blood tests for viral markers and liver function, ultrasound, FibroScan, and sometimes liver biopsy
Treatment
Treatment Approach
Supportive care for acute hepatitis, antiviral medicines for chronic hepatitis B/C, lifestyle modification, and vaccination for family members when indicated
Patient Outcomes
With modern antiviral therapies and careful follow‑up, many patients with viral hepatitis can lead healthy, normal lives.
- Control or cure of viral infection in many cases
- Prevention of progression to cirrhosis and liver cancer
- Improved energy and quality of life
- Protection of family members through vaccination and counselling
Regular monitoring is important even after apparent recovery to detect and manage any long‑term consequences.
Frequently asked question
Hepatitis C is now usually curable with tablets; hepatitis B can often be well‑controlled long term with antiviral therapy.
Yes, close contacts of patients with hepatitis B should be screened and vaccinated as needed.
Yes, many patients with chronic hepatitis B or C feel normal for years, which is why screening and regular tests are crucial.
Avoid alcohol, maintain healthy weight, take medicines only under supervision, and follow vaccination advice from your specialist.